A network of nine reference sites off the Australian coast is providing the latest physical, chemical, and biological information to help scientists better understand Australias coastal1 seas, according to a study published December 17, 2014 in the open-access journal PLOS ONE by Tim Lynch from CSIRO, Australia and colleagues. Sustained oceanic observations allow scientists to track changes in oceanography and ecosplayystems2. To address this, the Australian Integrated Marine3 Observing System implemented4 a network of nine National Reference Stations . The network builds on three long-term locations, where monthly water sampling has been ongoing5 since the 1940s and 50s. These moored6 sensors7 now collect more than 50 data streams, including sampling for temperature, salinity8 and nutrients9, carbon, currents, and both phyTOPlankton and zooplankton.The authors of this study evaluated the utility of this network and found that it may aid in observation of extreme events, such as marine heat waves, rare events, such as plankton10 blooms, and allow for consistent large scale sampling and analysis of coastal zooplankton and phyTOPlankton communities. The NRS may provide scientists with an understanding of how large-scale, long-term change and variability in the global ocean are affecting Australias coastal seas and ecosplayystems.Lead author, Dr Tim Lynch from CSIROs Oceans and Atmosphere Flagship, says, For the first time in Australia, we have combined forces across our various marine institutes and research organisations to build a continent-wide sampling of our coastal seas and ecosplayystems, so we can continuously track and understand variation at daily, seasonal11, and annual time scales.
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1 coastal adj.海岸的，沿海的，沿岸的 参考例句： The ocean waves are slowly eating away the coastal rocks.大海的波浪慢慢地侵蚀着岸边的岩石。 This country will fortify the coastal areas.该国将加大沿海区域的防御。
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